RICE HUSKS - HOW IMPORTANT

RICE HUSKS is a waste or by-product from processing agricultural products, rice mills to take grain as one of the topic to discuss today. Many urban people do not famililiar with the processing of padi husk during the milling for paddy. For them it’s such as a hard layer covering kariopsis consisting of two hemispheres called lemma and interlocked; a palea where will separate the chaff from the grain of rice. For the great capacity a machine, a grindstone capable of producing rice husk 10-20 tons of rice husk per day. The rice husk can be categorized as of biomass that can be used as raw materials for various needs industry, forage and energy or fuel. From the process of grinding grain usually acquired about 20-30 %, husk bran between 8- 12 % and milled rice between 50-63,5 % of initial weighting grain. In many observation done by agronomist, a rice husk has long around 8-10 mm, in width 2 mm, heavy 0.2 mm. Review the chemical composition, husk containing several chemical elements important such as the water level (9,02 %), Coarse proteins (3.0 %), Fats (1.2 %), Coarse fiber (35.7%), Ash (17.2 %), Basic carbohydrates (33.7 %). After certain processsing the chemical composition a rice husk (DTC-IPB) consists of Carbon substances (1.3 %), CharcoalHydrogen (1.5 %), Oxygen (33.6 %) and Silica (16.9%). This article ini "Anim Agriculture Technology" I would like to share ana article about the paddy husks.

 
The chemical composition as mention above so that  the rice husk could be used for a variety of purposes including used as a raw material for the chemical industry, especially chemical contents furfural that can be used as a raw material for the chemical industry. It also used as a raw material for building material industry chiefly of silica ( Sio2 ) that can be used to mix in portland cement making and as insulating material, husk-board and mix the red brick and industry. Other usage of this product are as an alternative fuel for the fossil fuel and energy source of heat on human activities, the cellulose high enough to provide the field and stable. The rice husk have bulk density 0,100 g/mls, the calorie between 3,300  - 3,600 of calories/ kg, with the heat conductivity 0.271 btu. The properties characteristic of a rice husk covering a heavy small around 122 pounds / m3, the ashes of the burning high temperature low melting point which ashes. Ashes of the burning ranging from 16-23 % with silica content senbesar 95 %. It is low because its melting point is alkaline and alkaline relatively high. Moisture (moisture content) in a generally biomasa higher than fossil fuels, however, the water vapor in the paddy rice is relatively small because the bran who dried up the process of grinding.

Volatile Ingredients of a rice husk is high, between 60-80 %, which fossil fuels is only 20 to 30 percent of the coal medium. Energy conversion produced more volatile substance derived from this compares with coals of fire (solid biomasa residue).To make use of husks easier, the rice husk is compressed into a form that can be simple not practical, and voluminous, are being charcoal husks and charred husks. Charcoal husks could easily be used as fuel for not smoking firebrands–at the calorie is quite high. The charred husks reports have a wider and more besides environment-friendly, as fuel the horticultural grown especially in a flowering plants. Most of Malaysian farmers does not fammiliar and bother about rice huska that cinsists for abaou 5% from total paddy dryweight. That's All Folk.

By,
M Anem,
Senior Agronomist,
Putrajaya, Malaysia.
(18 RabiulAwal 1436H)