Weed in Paddy Field

Examination of paddi weed at Sawah Kesang Muar, Johor by DOA official.

Weeds are common plants in paddy growing area. Malaysia growing about 763,700 hectare annually with total rice production estimated 2.545 million metric ton in 2010. Paddy was planted in granary area for 80% of total production area located in Kedah, Kelantan, Perak and Selangor and Perlis. Other states growing paddy in non-granary area. Kedah has the largest paddy growing in Malaysia about 210,600 hectare producing 1.104 million metric ton in 2010.

Rice production in Malaysia about 3,782 metric ton per hectare estimated in 2010 based on previous data. The Crop Cutting Survey (CCS) was conducted to determine rice production in Malaysia by DOA and MOA. Selangor produce the highest yield in this region with an average production of 5.3 metric ton per hectare. Many factors determine rice production in Malaysia. WEEDS is one of the factors we will discuss in this article. I experience to involve in Paddy Extension Program at many districts in Johore for more than 15 years.

There are about 29 weed species found in paddy field and their surroundings. The weed may affect paddy plants seriously or not depend on the weeds characteristic. Some weed grows in between the paddy plants others in the drain, on the ban and some look like paddy plants. Weed competes for nutrients, sunlight, growing space and the worst suppress the paddy plants. Weeds in paddy area normally controlled by chemicals, management of water level, manual control and many others.

Below are the weed list is paddy area in Malaysia:

a. Keremak (Althernanthera sessilis)
b. Rumput Setawar (Borreria latifolia)
c. Lumut (Ceratophyllum domersum)
d. Rumput Air (Cyperus deformis)
e. Padi Burung (Echinochloa colona)
f. Padi Burung / Rumput Sambau (Echinocloa crusagali)-
g. Aring-aring (Elipta alba)
h. Keladi Bunting (Eichhornia crassipes)
i. Rumput Tahi Kerbau (Fimbristylis miliaceae)
j. Cholok Cina (Ischaemum rugosum)
k. Padi Angin (Weedy Rice)
l. Rumput Ekor Tebu (Leptochloa chinensis)
m. Paku rawan (Limnocharis flava)
n. Tinggir Bangau atau Inai Pasir ( Ludwigia adsendens)
o. Maman Pasir (Ludwigia hyssopifolia)
p. Keladi agas ( Monochoria viginalis)
q. Sikup dada ( Oxalis corniculata)
r. Karunong Padi ( Panicum repens)
s. Keladi air ( Sagittaria guyanensis)
t. Menderong atau Menerung (Sirpus grossus)
u. Cabai kera (Spenochloea zeylanica)
v. Rumput Tahi Ayam (Ageratum connyzoides)
w. Akar ruas-ruas (Asystasia intrusa)
x. Rumput Parit (Axonopus compresus)
y. Rumput Setawar ( Borreria latifolia)
z. Rumput Duri Bulat (Chenchrus echinatus)
za. Rumput Kapalterbang. (Chromolaena odorata)

All weeds above was identified by Dept Of Agriculture. The extension officer has a regular surveilance program to check the existance of dangerous pest, weeds and diseases in paddy field. Extension activity in paddy area need proper visiting program due to its necessity.

WEED...WEED...WEED....
SEED...SEED...SEED....
FEED...FEED...FEED...
SWEET...SWEET...SWEET...


By
M Anem
Putrajaya
MALAYSIA

Weed

Weed that competes with our crops in the farms.


WEED is a type of plants that grows within our garden or surrounding areas and unwanted by us. In other words weed is a plants that's competes with our wanted plants for sunlight, nutrient, water, growing space and many other factors. Some weed are pathogen to our plants and able to infect our crop and horticultural crop. I was initially believe that weed are the Grass. But actually grass it is not a weed especially when I study in University. Weed is any plants grow surrounding us in an open space, backyards, lawn, farms, drain side table, roadsides and all over places.

Weed may be a main problem for most farmers today instead of pest and diseases. Weed able to reduce farms yield if not properly managed. In Malaysia the weed problem is critical especially on land preparation due to it's ability to grow faster that our crops. In any newly ploughed area the available seed of various weed are germinate within few days when there os water by rain or other sources. Unwanted grass weed, lalang (Imperica cylindrica) and other weed grow very fast. The weed seed does not has any dormancy period for germination.

In estate sector during replanting program the use of cover crop is necessary. Kacang Penutup Bumi (Centrosema pubecens) is a type of cover crop in oil palm and rubber replanting area for weed control. This cover crop produce better results in reducing the erosion, soil enrichment and easy to manage. The new technology in oil palm replanting nowadays is better with 'Zero Burning' by chopping oil palm trunk and arranged between newly oil palm seedling. It considered a type of cover crop and became the humus later on.

Commercial fruit and vegetable grower control weeds by chemical and manual system. The chemical control using weedicide. There was a system weedecide and contact weedicide. The contact weedicide are fast action result to kill the weed such as paraquat and many others. Weed like lalang with rhizom and shrubs with trunk root has to use systemic weedicide to get thw bwst result.

WEED WEED WEED.....
SEEED SEED SEED
WEEDICIDE...IPM...MANUAL
WEED ...



By
M ANem
NEED