Sweet Citrus or locally known as Limau Manis or Limau Langkat (Citrus suhuensis) was popular many years ago as important commodity but due to serious disease attack (Citrus Greening Disease) the industry was collapsed. The popular variety was known as Limau Madu or Clone M32. From my observation and study there was about 3,940 hectare with annual production of 70 metric ton in 2009 almost half from 10 years before. Asa Jaya District in Sarawak was the major production area with 294 hectare followed by Daerah Simunjan Sarawak (288 ha) and Daerah Beaufort Sabah (230 ha). This article I would share my knowledge of Sweet Citrus cashflow based on my study in June 2010.
Planting Distance : 6m X 4.5 m
Planting density (tree /ha) : 370 tree
Cashflow Duration : 15 Year
I) CASH IN FLOW
1. Production of citrus fruit (kg/yr) = 224,960 kg
2. Gross Farm Income (RM 2.35/kg) = RM 528,656.00
B. CASH IN FLOW
I) Development Cost (New planting)
Planting Distance : 6m X 4.5 m
Planting density (tree /ha) : 370 tree
Cashflow Duration : 15 Year
I) CASH IN FLOW
1. Production of citrus fruit (kg/yr) = 224,960 kg
2. Gross Farm Income (RM 2.35/kg) = RM 528,656.00
B. CASH IN FLOW
I) Development Cost (New planting)
1. Land Clearing = RM 2,000.00
2. Drainage system = RM 500.00
3. Farm roads = RM 2,000.00
4. Land preparation (Plough) = RM 300.00
5. Irrigation system = RM 9,000.00
6. Seedling @5.00/pk = RM 2,035.00
7. Fencing = RM 2,000.00
8. Store = RM 500.00
Subtotal A = RM 18,335.00
II) Cost of Input
1. Basal Fertilizer = RM 569.80
2. Organic fert = RM 59,940.00
3. NPK Green = RM 26,906.40
4. NPK Blue = RM 60,606.00
5. Calsium Nitrate = RM932.40
6. Foliar Fertilizer = RM 10,140.00
7. Liming/GML = RM 2,225.92
8. Pesticide = RM 6,180.48
9. Fungicide = RM 22,661.76
10. Weedicide = RM 3,861.00
11.Basket = RM 18,000.00
12.Fuel(Diesel) = RM 7,500.00
13.Farm tools= RM 2,100.00
Subtotal B = RM 221,623.76
III) Labor Costs @RM 25.00/man/day
1. Manuring = RM 3,960.00
2. Weed Control = RM 3,600.00
3. Pest & Disease Control = RM 19,440.00
4. Pruning = RM 3,060.00
5. Maintenance = RM 1,800.00
6. Harvesting @10sen/kg = RM 22,496.00
7. Other works = RM 1,800.00
Subtotal C = RM 56,156.00
C. CASHFLOW ANALYSIS
MAIN TOTAL COST = RM 296,114.76
EXTRA COSTS (10%)= RM 29,611
TOTAL COSTS OF PRODUCTION = RM 325,726.24
GROSS FARM INCOME = RM 528,656.00
2. Drainage system = RM 500.00
3. Farm roads = RM 2,000.00
4. Land preparation (Plough) = RM 300.00
5. Irrigation system = RM 9,000.00
6. Seedling @5.00/pk = RM 2,035.00
7. Fencing = RM 2,000.00
8. Store = RM 500.00
Subtotal A = RM 18,335.00
II) Cost of Input
1. Basal Fertilizer = RM 569.80
2. Organic fert = RM 59,940.00
3. NPK Green = RM 26,906.40
4. NPK Blue = RM 60,606.00
5. Calsium Nitrate = RM932.40
6. Foliar Fertilizer = RM 10,140.00
7. Liming/GML = RM 2,225.92
8. Pesticide = RM 6,180.48
9. Fungicide = RM 22,661.76
10. Weedicide = RM 3,861.00
11.Basket = RM 18,000.00
12.Fuel(Diesel) = RM 7,500.00
13.Farm tools= RM 2,100.00
Subtotal B = RM 221,623.76
III) Labor Costs @RM 25.00/man/day
1. Manuring = RM 3,960.00
2. Weed Control = RM 3,600.00
3. Pest & Disease Control = RM 19,440.00
4. Pruning = RM 3,060.00
5. Maintenance = RM 1,800.00
6. Harvesting @10sen/kg = RM 22,496.00
7. Other works = RM 1,800.00
Subtotal C = RM 56,156.00
C. CASHFLOW ANALYSIS
MAIN TOTAL COST = RM 296,114.76
EXTRA COSTS (10%)= RM 29,611
TOTAL COSTS OF PRODUCTION = RM 325,726.24
GROSS FARM INCOME = RM 528,656.00
NETT FARM INCOME = RM 202,979.26
NETT FARM INCOME/YEAR = RM 13,528.25
NETT FARM INCOME/MONTH = RM 1,127.39
BENEFIT COST RATIO = RM 1.63
BREAKEVEN POINT = RM 1.45
Note:
Cashflow for 15 years cumulative for sweet citrus (Limau Madu) in Malaysia.
By,
M Anem
Agronomist
DOA
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